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28 March 2024
 
  » arxiv » 0710.1575

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Full distribution functions of quantum noise in an interacting many-body system
S. Hofferberth ; I. Lesanovsky ; T. Schumm ; J. Schmiedmayer ; A. Imambekov ; V. Gritsev ; E. Demler ;
Date 8 Oct 2007
AbstractThe probabilistic nature of measurements and the resulting intrinsic quantum noise in observables is one of the fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics [1]. It is well studied on the single-particle level and for non-interacting systems [2] but much less understood for interacting many-body systems, where quantum noise can reveal the non-local correlations and entanglement of the underlying many-body states [3]. Here, we present the first measurement of the full distribution functions of quantum noise in an interacting many-body system. The shot-to-shot statistical properties of interference experiments, performed with pairs of independent one-dimensional atomic condensates, can be directly related to the full distribution functions of noise in the system [4]. Probing different system sizes we observe the crossover from quantum noise to thermal noise, reflected in a characteristic change in the distribution functions from Gumbel-type to Poissonian, in excellent agreement with predictions based on the Luttinger liquid formalism [5-7]. Our results demonstrate the power of quantum noise analysis as a probe of strongly correlated systems, and the power of simple ultracold atom systems to illustrate and ’quantum simulate’ fundamental quantum processes relevant in many areas of physics.
Source arXiv, 0710.1575
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