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29 March 2024
 
  » arxiv » 0809.1126

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Supermassive Black Holes in Galactic Bulges
Yu-Qing Lou ; Yan-Fei Jiang ;
Date 6 Sep 2008
AbstractGrowing evidence indicate supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in a mass range of $M_{ m BH}$$sim 106-10^{10}M_{odot}$ lurking in central stellar bulges of galaxies.Extensive observations reveal fairly tight power laws of $M_{ m BH}$ versus the mean stellar velocity dispersion $sigma$ of the host stellar bulge.Together with evidence for correlations between $M_{ m BH}$ and other properties of host bulges, the dynamic evolution of a bulge and the formation of a central SMBH should be linked. In this Letter, we reproduce the empirical $M_{ m BH}-sigma$ power laws based on our recent theoretical analyses (Lou & Wang; Wang & Lou; Lou, Jiang & Jin) for a self-similar general polytropic quasi-static dynamic evolution of bulges with self-gravity and spherical symmetry and present a sensible criterion of forming a central SMBH. The key result is $M_{ m BH}={cal L}sigma^{1/(1-n)}$ where $2/3<n<1$ and ${cal L}$ is a proportional coefficient characteristic of different classes of host bulges. By fitting and comparing several empirical $M_{ m BH}-sigma$ power laws, we conclude that SMBHs and galactic bulges grow and evolve in a coeval manner and most likely there exist several classes of galactic bulge systems in quasi-static self-similar evolution and that to mix them together can lead to an unrealistic fitting. Based on our bulge-SMBH model, we provide explanations for intrinsic scatter in the relation and a unified scenario for the formation and evolution of SMBHs in different classes of host bulges.
Source arXiv, 0809.1126
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