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29 March 2024
 
  » arxiv » 1209.0759

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The Milky Way's circular velocity curve between 4 and 14 kpc from APOGEE data
Jo Bovy ; Carlos Allende Prieto ; Timothy C. Beers ; Dmitry Bizyaev ; Luiz N. da Costa ; Katia Cunha ; Garrett L. Ebelke ; Daniel J. Eisenstein ; Peter M. Frinchaboy ; Ana Elia García Pérez ; Léo Girardi ; Fred R. Hearty ; David W. Hogg ; Jon Holtzman ; Marcio A. G. Maia ; Steven R. Majewski ; Elena Malanushenko ; Viktor Malanushenko ; Szabolcs Mészáros ; David L. Nidever ; Robert W. O'Connell ; Christine O'Donnell ; Audrey Oravetz ; Kaike Pan ; Helio J. Rocha-Pinto ; Ricardo P. Schiavon ; Donald P. Schneider ; Mathias Schultheis ; Michael Skrutskie ; Verne V. Smith ; David H. Weinberg ; John C. Wilson ; Gail Zasowski ;
Date 4 Sep 2012
AbstractWe measure the Milky Way’s rotation curve over the Galactocentric range 4 kpc <~ R <~ 14 kpc from the first year of data from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE). We model the line-of-sight velocities of 3,365 stars in fourteen fields with b = 0 deg between 30 deg < l < 210 deg out to distances of 10 kpc using an axisymmetric kinematical model that includes a correction for the asymmetric drift of the warm tracer population (sigma_R ~ 35 km/s). We determine the local value of the circular velocity to be V_c(R_0) = 218 +/- 6 km/s and find that the rotation curve is approximately flat with a local derivative between -3.0 km/s/kpc and 0.4 km/s/kpc. We also measure the Sun’s position and velocity in the Galactocentric rest frame, finding the distance to the Galactic center to be 8 kpc < R_0 < 9 kpc, radial velocity V_{R,sun} = -10 +/- 1 km/s, and rotational velocity V_{phi,sun} = 242^{+10}_{-3} km/s, in good agreement with local measurements of the Sun’s radial velocity and with the observed proper motion of Sgr A*. We investigate various systematic uncertainties and find that these are limited to offsets at the percent level, ~2 km/s in V_c. Marginalizing over all the systematics that we consider, we find that V_c(R_0) < 235 km/s at >99% confidence. We find an offset between the Sun’s rotational velocity and the local circular velocity of 26 +/- 3 km/s, which is larger than the locally-measured solar motion of 12 km/s. This larger offset reconciles our value for V_c with recent claims that V_c >~ 240 km/s. Combining our results with other data, we find that the Milky Way’s dark-halo mass within the virial radius is ~8x10^{11} M_sun.
Source arXiv, 1209.0759
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