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Interacting Supernovae and Supernova Impostors. I. SN 2009ip, is this the end? | | A. Pastorello
; E. Cappellaro
; C. Inserra
; S. J. Smartt
; G. Pignata
; S. Benetti
; S. Valenti
; M. Fraser
; K. Takats
; I. Arcavi
; S. Benitez
; M. T. Botticella
; J. Brimacombe
; F. Bufano
; F. Cellier-Holzem
; M. T. Costado
; G. Cupani
; N. Elias-Rosa
; M. Ergon
; J. P. U. Fynbo
; M. Hamuy
; A. Harutyunyan
; K. M. Ivarson
; E. Kankare
; R. Kotak
; A. P. LaCluyze
; K. Maguire
; S. Mattila
; J. Maza
; M. McCrum
; M. Miluzio
; H. U. Norgaard-Nielsen
; M. C. Nysewander
; P. Ochner
; Y.-C. Pan
; M. L. Pumo
; D. E. Reichart
; S. Taubenberger
; L. Tomasella
; M. Turatto
; D. Wright
; | | Date: |
12 Oct 2012 | | Abstract: | We report the results of a 3 year-long dedicated monitoring campaign of a
restless Luminous Blue Variable (LBV) in NGC 7259. The object, named SN 2009ip,
was observed photometrically and spectroscopically in the optical and
near-infrared domains. We monitored a number of erupting episodes in the past
few years, and increased the density of our observations during eruptive
episodes. In this paper we present the full historical data set from 2009-2012
with multi-wavelength dense coverage of the two high luminosity events between
August - September 2012. We construct bolometric light curves and measure the
total luminosities of these eruptive or explosive events. We label them the
2012a event (lasting ~50 days) with a peak of 3X10^41 erg/s, and the 2012b
event (14 day rise time, still ongoing) with a peak of 8X10^42 erg/s. The
latter event has reached an absolute R-band magnitude of about -18, comparable
in brightness and luminosity to that of a core-collapse supernova (SN). Our
historical monitoring has detected high-velocity spectral features (~13000
km/s) in September 2011, one year before the current SN-like event. This
suggests that the detection of such high velocity outflows cannot,
conclusively, point to a core-collapse SN origin. We suggest that the initial
peak in the 2012a event was unlikely to be due to a faint core-collapse SN. We
propose that the high intrinsic luminosity of the latest peak, the variability
history of SN 2009ip, and the detection of broad spectral lines indicative of
high-velocity ejecta are consistent with a pulsational pair-instability event,
in which the star may have survived the last outburst. The question of the
survival of the LBV progenitor star and its future fate remain open issues,
only to be answered with future monitoring of this historically unique
explosion. | | Source: | arXiv, 1210.3568 | | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites | |
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