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23 April 2024 |
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Characterization of Infrared Dark Clouds -- NH$_3$ Observations of an Absorption-contrast Selected IRDC Sample | | R.-A. Chira
; H. Beuther
; H. Linz
; F. Schuller
; C. M. Walmsley
; K. M. Menten
; L. Bronfman
; | | Date: |
27 Feb 2013 | | Abstract: | Despite increasing research in massive star formation, little is known about
its earliest stages. Infrared Dark Clouds (IRDCs) are cold, dense and massive
enough to harbour the sites of future high-mass star formation. But up to now,
mainly small samples have been observed and analysed. To understand the
physical conditions during the early stages of high-mass star formation, it is
necessary to learn more about the physical conditions and stability in
relatively unevolved IRDCs. Thus, for characterising IRDCs studies of large
samples are needed. We investigate a complete sample of 218 northern hemisphere
high-contrast IRDCs using the ammonia (1,1)- and (2,2)-inversion transitions.
We detected ammonia (1,1)-inversion transition lines in 109 of our IRDC
candidates. Using the data we were able to study the physical conditions within
the star-forming regions statistically. We compared them with the conditions in
more evolved regions which have been observed in the same fashion as our sample
sources. Our results show that IRDCs have, on average, rotation temperatures of
15 K, are turbulent (with line width FWHMs around 2 km s$^{-1}$), have ammonia
column densities on the order of $10^{14}$ cm$^{-2}$ and molecular hydrogen
column densities on the order of $10^{22}$ cm$^{-2}$. Their virial masses are
between 100 and a few 1000 M$_odot$. The comparison of bulk kinetic and
potential energies indicate that the sources are close to virial equilibrium.
IRDCs are on average cooler and less turbulent than a comparison sample of
high-mass protostellar objects, and have lower ammonia column densities. Virial
parameters indicate that the majority of IRDCs are currently stable, but are
expected to collapse in the future. | | Source: | arXiv, 1302.6774 | | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites | |
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