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28 March 2024
 
  » arxiv » 1305.0280

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MARVELS-1: A face-on double-lined binary star masquerading as a resonant planetary system; and consideration of rare false positives in radial velocity planet searches
Jason T. Wright ; Arpita Roy ; Suvrath Mahadevan ; Sharon X. Wang ; Eric B. Ford ; Matt Payne ; Brian L. Lee ; Ji Wang ; Justin R. Crepp ; B. Scott Gaudi ; Jason Eastman ; Joshua Pepper ; Jian Ge ; Scott W. Fleming ; Luan Ghezzi ; Jonay I. Gonzalez-Hernandez ; Phillip Cargile ; Keivan G. Stassun ; John Wisniewski ; Leticia Dutra-Ferreira ; Gustavo F. Porto de Mello ; Marcio A. G. Maia ; Luiz Nicolaci da Costa ; Ricardo L. C. Ogando ; Basilio X. Santiago ; Donald P. Schneider ; Fred R. Hearty ;
Date Wed, 1 May 2013 20:09:57 GMT (1820kb)
AbstractWe have analyzed new and previously published radial velocity observations of MARVELS-1, known to have an ostensibly substellar companion in a ~6- day orbit. We find significant (~100 m/s) residuals to the best-fit model for the companion, and these residuals are naively consistent with an interior giant planet with a P = 1.965d in a nearly perfect 3:1 period commensuribility (|Pb/Pc - 3| < 10^{-4}). We have performed several tests for the reality of such a companion, including a dynamical analysis, a search for photometric variability, and a hunt for contaminating stellar spectra. We find many reasons to be critical of a planetary interpretation, including the fact that most of the three-body dynamical solutions are unstable. We find no evidence for transits, and no evidence of stellar photometric variability. We have discovered two apparent companions to MARVELS-1 with adaptive optics imaging at Keck; both are M dwarfs, one is likely bound, and the other is likely a foreground object. We explore false-alarm scenarios inspired by various curiosities in the data. Ultimately, a line profile and bisector analysis lead us to conclude that the ~100 m/s residuals are an artifact of spectral contamination from a stellar companion contributing ~15-30% of the optical light in the system. We conclude that origin of this contamination is the previously detected radial velocity companion to MARVELS-1, which is not, as previously reported, a brown dwarf, but in fact a G dwarf in a face-on orbit.
Source arXiv, 1305.0280
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