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29 March 2024
 
  » arxiv » cond-mat/0308187

 Article overview


Cell organization in soft media due to active mechanosensing
I. B. Bischofs ; U. S. Schwarz ;
Date 11 Aug 2003
Journal PNAS 100: 9274-9279 (2003)
Subject Soft Condensed Matter; Cell Behavior | cond-mat.soft q-bio.CB
AffiliationMPI Colloids and Interfaces Golm
AbstractAdhering cells actively probe the mechanical properties of their environment and use the resulting information to position and orient themselves. We show that a large body of experimental observations can be consistently explained from one unifying principle, namely that cells strengthen contacts and cytoskeleton in the direction of large effective stiffness. Using linear elasticity theory to model the extracellular environment, we calculate optimal cell organization for several situations of interest and find excellent agreement with experiments for fibroblasts, both on elastic substrates and in collagen gels: cells orient in the direction of external tensile strain, they orient parallel and normal to free and clamped surfaces, respectively, and they interact elastically to form strings. Our method can be applied for rational design of tissue equivalents. Moreover our results indicate that the concept of contact guidance has to be reevaluated. We also suggest that cell-matrix contacts are upregulated by large effective stiffness in the environment because in this way, build-up of force is more efficient.
Source arXiv, cond-mat/0308187
Other source [GID 1030053] pnas
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