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Planet Hunters VII. Discovery of a New Low-Mass, Low-Density Planet (PH3 c) Orbiting Kepler-289 with Mass Measurements of Two Additional Planets (PH3 b and d) | Joseph R. Schmitt
; Eric Agol
; Katherine M. Deck
; Leslie A. Rogers
; J. Zachary Gazak
; Debra A. Fischer
; Ji Wang
; Matthew J. Holman
; Kian J. Jek
; Charles Margossian
; Mark R. Omohundro
; Troy Winarski
; John M. Brewer
; Matthew J. Giguere
; Chris Lintott
; Stuart Lynn
; Michael Parrish
; Kevin Schawinski
; Megan E. Schwamb
; Robert Simpson
; Arfon M. Smith
; | Date: |
29 Oct 2014 | Abstract: | We report the discovery of one newly confirmed planet ($P=66.06$ days,
$R_{
m{P}}=2.68pm0.17R_oplus$) and mass determinations of two previously
validated Kepler planets, Kepler-289 b ($P=34.55$ days,
$R_{
m{P}}=2.15pm0.10R_oplus$) and Kepler-289-c ($P=125.85$ days,
$R_{
m{P}}=11.59pm0.10R_oplus$), through their transit timing variations
(TTVs). We also exclude the possibility that these three planets reside in a
$1:2:4$ Laplace resonance. The outer planet has very deep ($sim1.3%$), high
signal-to-noise transits, which puts extremely tight constraints on its host
star’s stellar properties via Kepler’s Third Law. The star PH3 is a young
($sim1$ Gyr as determined by isochrones and gyrochronology), Sun-like star
with $M_*=1.08pm0.02M_odot$, $R_*=1.00pm0.02R_odot$, and
$T_{
m{eff}}=5990pm38$ K. The middle planet’s large TTV amplitude ($sim5$
hours) resulted either in non-detections or inaccurate detections in previous
searches. A strong chopping signal, a shorter period sinusoid in the TTVs,
allows us to break the mass-eccentricity degeneracy and uniquely determine the
masses of the inner, middle, and outer planets to be $M=7.3pm6.8M_oplus$,
$4.0pm0.9M_oplus$, and $M=132pm17M_oplus$, which we designate PH3 b, c, and
d, respectively. Furthermore, the middle planet, PH3 c, has a relatively low
density, $
ho=1.2pm0.3$ g/cm$^3$ for a planet of its mass, requiring a
substantial H/He atmosphere of $2.1^{+0.8}_{-0.3}%$ by mass, and joins a
growing population of low-mass, low-density planets. | Source: | arXiv, 1410.8114 | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites |
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