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Fast Bayesian Inference for Exoplanet Discovery in Radial Velocity Data | | Brendon J. Brewer
; Courtney P. Donovan
; | | Date: |
27 Jan 2015 | | Abstract: | Inferring the number of planets $N$ in an exoplanetary system from radial
velocity (RV) data is a challenging task. Recently, it has become clear that RV
data can contain periodic signals due to stellar activity, which can be
difficult to distinguish from planetary signals. However, even doing the
inference under a given set of simplifying assumptions (e.g. no stellar
activity) can be difficult. It is common for the posterior distribution for the
planet parameters, such as orbital periods, to be multimodal and to have other
awkward features. In addition, when $N$ is unknown, the marginal likelihood (or
evidence) as a function of $N$ is required. Rather than doing separate runs
with different trial values of $N$, we propose an alternative approach using a
trans-dimensional Markov Chain Monte Carlo method within Nested Sampling. The
posterior distribution for $N$ can be obtained with a single run. We apply the
method to $
u$ Oph and Gliese 581, finding moderate evidence for additional
signals in $
u$ Oph with periods of 36.11 $pm$ 0.034 days, 75.58 $pm$ 0.80
days, and 1709 $pm$ 183 days; the posterior probability that at least one of
these exists is 85%. The results also suggest Gliese 581 hosts many (7-15)
"planets" (or other causes of other periodic signals), but only 4-6 have well
determined periods. The analysis of both of these datasets shows phase
transitions exist which are difficult to negotiate without Nested Sampling. | | Source: | arXiv, 1501.6952 | | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites | |
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