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29 March 2024
 
  » arxiv » 1710.3761

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The JCMT Transient Survey: Identifying Submillimetre Continuum Variability over Several Year Timescales Using Archival JCMT Gould Belt Survey Observations
Steve Mairs ; Doug Johnstone ; Helen Kirk ; James Lane ; Graham S. Bell ; Sarah Graves ; Gregory J. Herczeg ; Peter Scicluna ; Geoffrey C. Bower ; Huei-Ru Vivien Chen ; Jennifer Hatchell ; Yuri Aikawa ; Wen-Ping Chen ; Miju Kang ; Sung-Ju Kang ; Jeong-Eun Lee ; Oscar Morata ; Andy Pon ; Aleks Scholz ; Satoko Takahashi ; Hyunju Yoo ; JCMT Transient Team ;
Date 10 Oct 2017
AbstractInvestigating variability at the earliest stages of low-mass star formation is fundamental in understanding how a protostar assembles mass. While many simulations of protostellar disks predict non-steady accretion onto protostars, deeper investigation requires robust observational constraints on the frequency and amplitude of variability events characterised across the observable SED. In this study, we develop methods to robustly analyse repeated observations of an area of the sky for submillimetre variability in order to determine constraints on the magnitude and frequency of deeply embedded protostars. We compare mbox{850 $mu$m} JCMT Transient Survey data with archival JCMT Gould Belt Survey data to investigate variability over 2-4 year timescales. Out of 175 bright, independent emission sources identified in the overlapping fields, we find 7 variable candidates, 5 of which we classify as extit{Strong} and the remaining 2 as extit{Extended} to indicate the latter are associated with larger-scale structure. For the extit{Strong} variable candidates, we find an average fractional peak brightness change per year of |4.0|\% yr$^{-1}$ with a standard deviation of $2.7\%mathrm{:yr}^{-1}$. In total, 7\% of the protostars associated with mbox{850 $mu$m} emission in our sample show signs of variability. Four of the five extit{Strong} sources are associated with a known protostar. The remaining source is a good follow-up target for an object that is anticipated to contain an enshrouded, deeply embedded protostar. In addition, we estimate the mbox{850 $mu$m} periodicity of the submillimetre variable source, EC 53, to be mbox{567 $pm$ 32 days} based on the archival Gould Belt Survey data.
Source arXiv, 1710.3761
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