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Driven-Dissipative Dynamics of Atomic Ensembles in a Resonant Cavity: Nonequilibrium Phase Diagram and Periodically Modulated Superradiance | | Aniket Patra
; Boris L. Altshuler
; Emil A. Yuzbashyan
; | | Date: |
5 Nov 2018 | | Abstract: | We study the dynamics of two ensembles of atoms (or equivalently, atomic
clocks) coupled to a bad cavity and pumped incoherently by a Raman laser. Our
main result is the nonequilibrium phase diagram for this experimental setup in
terms of two parameters - detuning between the clocks and the repump rate.
There are three main phases - trivial steady state (Phase I), where all atoms
are maximally pumped, nontrivial steady state corresponding to monochromatic
superradiance (Phase II), and amplitude-modulated superradiance (Phase III).
Phases I and II are fixed points of the mean-field dynamics, while in most of
Phase III stable attractors are limit cycles. Equations of motion possess an
axial symmetry and a $Z_2$ symmetry with respect to the interchange of the two
clocks. Either one or both of these symmetries are spontaneously broken in
various phases. The trivial steady state loses stability via a supercritical
Hopf bifurcation bringing about a $Z_2$-symmetric limit cycle. The nontrivial
steady state goes through a subcritical Hopf bifurcation responsible for
coexistence of monochromatic and amplitude-modulated superradiance. Using
Floquet analysis, we show that the $Z_2$-symmetric limit cycle eventually
becomes unstable and gives rise to two $Z_2$-asymmetric limit cycles via a
supercritical pitchfork bifurcation. Each of the above attractors has its own
unique fingerprint in the power spectrum of the light radiated from the cavity.
In particular, limit cycles in Phase III emit frequency combs - series of
equidistant peaks, where the symmetry of the frequency comb reflects the
symmetry of the underlying limit cycle. For typical experimental parameters,
the spacing between the peaks is several orders of magnitude smaller than the
monochromatic superradiance frequency, making the lasing frequency highly
tunable. | | Source: | arXiv, 1811.1515 | | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites | |
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