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19 April 2024 |
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Exploring the atmospheric dynamics of the extreme ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b using TESS photometry | | Ian Wong
; Avi Shporer
; Brett M. Morris
; Kevin Heng
; Daniel Kitzmann
; H. Jens Hoeijmakers
; Brice-Olivier Demory
; Megan Mansfield
; Jacob L. Bean
; Tansu Daylan
; Tara Fetherolf
; Joseph E. Rodriguez
; Björn Benneke
; George R. Ricker
; David W. Latham
; Roland Vanderspek
; Sara Seager
; Joshua N. Winn
; Jon M. Jenkins
; Christopher J. Burke
; Jessie Christiansen
; Zahra Essack
; Mark E. Rose
; Jeffery C. Smith
; Peter Tenenbaum
; Daniel Yahalomi
; | | Date: |
3 Oct 2019 | | Abstract: | We carry out a phase curve analysis of the KELT-9 system using photometric
observations from NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite . The measured
secondary eclipse depth and peak-to-peak atmospheric brightness modulation are
$651pm 15$ ppm and $569pm 14$ ppm, respectively. The planet’s brightness
variation reaches maximum $26pm 5$ minutes before the midpoint of secondary
eclipse, indicating a slight eastward shift in the dayside hotspot. We also
detect stellar pulsations on KELT-9 with a characteristic period of $7.58678pm
0.00091$ hours. The dayside brightness temperature assuming zero geometric
albedo is $4570pm 90$ K, and the nightside temperature is $3020pm90$ K,
comparable to the dayside temperatures of the hottest known exoplanets. In
addition, we detect a significant phase curve signal at the first harmonic of
the orbital frequency and a marginal signal at the second harmonic. While the
amplitude of the first harmonic component is consistent with the predicted
ellipsoidal distortion modulation assuming equilibrium tides, the phase of this
photometric variation is shifted relative to the expectation. Placing KELT-9b
in the context of other exoplanets with phase curve observations, we find that
the elevated nightside temperature and relatively low day-night temperature
contrast agree with the predictions of atmospheric models that include H$_{2}$
dissociation and recombination. The nightside temperature of KELT-9b implies an
atmospheric composition containing 52% molecular and 48% atomic hydrogen, and
an emission spectrum lacking the broadband molecular features that are
prominent on cooler hot Jupiters. Meanwhile, the near-infrared transmission
spectrum is predicted to be similarly featureless, with a positive slope due to
H$^-$ opacity. | | Source: | arXiv, 1910.1607 | | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites | |
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