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Mid-infrared circumstellar emission of the long-period Cepheid l Carinae resolved with VLTI/MATISSE | | V. Hocdé
; N. Nardetto
; A. Matter
; E. Lagadec
; A. Mérand
; P. Cruzalèbes
; A. Meilland
; F. Millour
; B. Lopez
; P. Berio
; G. Weigelt
; R. Petrov
; J. W. Isbell
; W. Jaffe
; P. Kervella
; A. Glindemann
; M. Schöller
; F. Allouche
; A. Gallenne
; A. Domiciano de Souza
; G. Niccolini
; E. Kokoulina
; J. Varga
; S. Lagarde
; J.-C. Augereau
; R. van Boekel
; P. Bristow
; Th. Henning
; K.-H. Hofmann
; G. Zins
; W.-C. Danchi
; M. Delbo
; C. Dominik
; V. Gámez Rosas
; L. Klarmann
; J. Hron
; M.R. Hogerheijde
; K. Meisenheimer
; E. Pantin
; C. Paladini
; S.Robbe-Dubois
; D. Schertl
; P. Stee
; R. Waters
; M. Lehmitz
; F. Bettonvil
; M. Heininger
; P. Bristow
; J. Woillez
; S. Wolf
; G. Yoffe
; L. Szabados
; A. Chiavassa
; S. Borgniet
; L. Breuval
; B. Javanmardi
; P. Ábrahám
; S. Abadie
; R. Abuter
; M. Accardo
; T. Adler
; T. Agócs
; J. Alonso
; P. Antonelli
; A. Böhm
; C. Bailet
; G. Bazin
; U. Beckmann
; J. Beltran
; W. Boland
; P. Bourget
; R. Brast
; Y. Bresson
; L. Burtscher
; R. Buter
; R. Castillo
; A. Chelli
; C. Cid
; J.-M. Clausse
; C. Connot
; R.D. Conzelmann
; M. De Haan
; M. Ebert
; E. Elswijk
; Y. Fantei
; R. Frahm
; V. Gámez Rosas
; A. Gabasch
; E. Garces
; P. Girard
; A. Glazenborg
; F.Y.J. Gonté
; J.C. González Herrera
; U. Graser
; P. Guajardo
; F. Guitton
; H. Hanenburg
; X. Haubois
; N. Hubin
; R. Huerta
; J. Idserda
; D. Ives
; G. Jakob
; A. Jaskó
; L. Jochum
; R. Klein
; J. Kragt
; G. Kroes
; S. Kuindersma
; L. Labadie
; W. Laun
; R. Le Poole
; C. Leinert
; J.-L. Lizon
; M. Lopez
; A. Marcotto
; N. Mauclert
; T. Maurer
; L.H. Mehrgan
; J. Meisner
; K. Meixner
; M. Mellein
; L. Mohr
; S. Morel
; L. Mosoni
; R. Navarro
; U. Neumann
; E. Nußbaum
; L. Pallanca
; L. Pasquini
; I. Percheron
; T. Phan Duc
; J.-U. Pott
; E. Pozna
; A. Ridinger
; F. Rigal
; M. Riquelme
; Th. Rivinius
; R. Roelfsema
; R.-R. Rohloff
; S. Rousseau
; N. Schuhler
; M. Schuil
; K. Shabun
; A. Soulain
; C. Stephan
; R. ter Horst
; N. Tromp
; F. Vakili
; A. van Duin
; L. B. Venema
; J. Vinther
; M. Wittkowski
; F. Wrhel
; | | Date: |
31 Mar 2021 | | Abstract: | The nature of circumstellar envelopes (CSE) around Cepheids is still a matter
of debate. The physical origin of their infrared (IR) excess could be either a
shell of ionized gas, or a dust envelope, or both. This study aims at
constraining the geometry and the IR excess of the environment of the
long-period Cepheid $ell$ Car (P=35.5 days) at mid-IR wavelengths to
understand its physical nature. We first use photometric observations in
various bands and Spitzer Space Telescope spectroscopy to constrain the IR
excess of $ell$ Car. Then, we analyze the VLTI/MATISSE measurements at a
specific phase of observation, in order to determine the flux contribution, the
size and shape of the environment of the star in the L band. We finally test
the hypothesis of a shell of ionized gas in order to model the IR excess. We
report the first detection in the L band of a centro-symmetric extended
emission around l Car, of about 1.7$R_star$ in FWHM, producing an excess of
about 7.0\% in this band. In the N band, there is no clear evidence for dust
emission from VLTI/MATISSE correlated flux and Spitzer data. On the other side,
the modeled shell of ionized gas implies a more compact CSE
($1.13pm0.02,R_star$) and fainter (IR excess of 1\% in the L band). We
provide new evidences for a compact CSE of $ell$ Car and we demonstrate the
capabilities of VLTI/MATISSE for determining common properties of CSEs. While
the compact CSE of $ell$ Car is probably of gaseous nature, the tested model
of a shell of ionized gas is not able to simultaneously reproduce the IR excess
and the interferometric observations. Further Galactic Cepheids observations
with VLTI/MATISSE are necessary for determining the properties of CSEs, which
may also depend on both the pulsation period and the evolutionary state of the
stars. | | Source: | arXiv, 2103.17014 | | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites | |
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