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Lifetime of Excitations in Atomic and Molecular Bose-Einstein Condensates | | Matteo Bellitti
; Garry Goldstein
; Chris R. Laumann
; | | Date: |
12 Oct 2022 | | Abstract: | Recent experimental progress has produced Molecular Superfluids (MSF) in
thermal equilibrium; this opens the door to a new class of experiments
investigating the associated thermodynamic and dynamical responses. We review
the theoretical picture of the phase diagram and quasiparticle spectrum in the
Atomic Superfluid (ASF) and MSF phases. We further compute the parametric
dependence of the quasiparticle lifetimes at one-loop order. In the MSF phase,
the $U(1)$ particle number symmetry breaks to $mathbb{Z}_2$ and the spectrum
exhibits a gapless Goldstone mode in addition to a gapped
$mathbb{Z}_2$-protected atom-like mode. In the ASF phase, the $U(1)$ symmetry
breaks completely, leaving behind a Goldstone mode and an unprotected gapped
mode. In both phases, the Goldstone mode decays with a rate given by the
celebrated Belyaev result, as in a single component condensate. In the MSF
phase, the gapped mode is sharp up to a critical Cherenkov momentum beyond
which it emits phonons. In the ASF phase, the gapped mode decays with a
constant rate even at small momenta. These decay rates govern the spectral
response in microtrap tunneling experiments and lead to sharp features in the
transmission spectrum of atoms fired through molecular clouds. | | Source: | arXiv, 2210.06237 | | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites | |
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