The article of Andreas Aste and Guenter Scharf is a kind of inversion of 't Hooft's proof that gauge theories are renormalizable - presupposing that Lorentz symmetry, gauge invariance/unitary and renormalizability hold (very basic requirements), the authors show that in the case of massless fields, a gauge theory automatically emerges. They introduce the free field version of the Becchi-Rouet-Stora transformation, which has a much simpler structure than the full BRS transformation, and show that this very simple transformation contains the full information about the interacting theory. It is astonishing that these 'simple' observations have not been found in the early times of the development of gauge field theories.
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