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15 February 2025
 
  » arxiv » 1605.0289

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Multiple gaps with large grain deficit in the protoplanetary disk around TW Hya
Takashi Tsukagoshi ; Hideko Nomura ; Takayuki Muto ; Ryohei Kawabe ; Daiki Ishimoto ; Kazuhiro D. Kanagawa ; Satoshi Okuzumi ; Shigeru Ida ; Catherine Walsh ; Tom J. Millar ;
Date 1 May 2016
AbstractWe report $sim$3 au resolution imaging observations of the protoplanetary disk around TW Hya at 138 and 230 GHz with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array. Our observations revealed two deep gaps ($sim$25--50 %) at 22 and 37 au and shallower gaps (a few %) at 6, 28, and 44 au, as recently reported by Andrews et al. (2016). The central hole with a radius of $sim3$ au was also marginally resolved. The most remarkable finding is that the power-law index of the dust opacity $eta$, derived from the spectral index $alpha$ between bands 4 and 6, peaks at the 22 au gap with $etasim1.7$ and decreases toward the disk center to $etasim0$. Our model fitting suggests that the overall disk structure can be reproduced with the inner hole and the gaps at 22 and 37 au. The most prominent gap at 22~au could be caused by the gravitational interaction between the disk and an unseen planet with a mass of $lesssim$1.5 $M_mathrm{Neptune}$ although other origins may be possible. The planet-induced gap is supported by the fact that $eta$ is enhanced at the 22 au gap, indicating a deficit of $sim$mm-sized grains within the gap due to dust filtration by a planet. Alternatively, the destruction of large dust aggregates due to the sintering of major volatiles might cause the multiple ring structure. We also find weak sinusoidal patterns with wavelengths of 5--10 au, which may be related to dynamical instabilities within the disk.
Source arXiv, 1605.0289
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