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23 January 2025 |
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Revealing Excited States of Rotational Bose-Einstein Condensates | | Jianyuan Yin
; Zhen Huang
; Yongyong Cai
; Qiang Du
; Lei Zhang
; | | Date: |
1 Jan 2023 | | Abstract: | We systematically investigate the excited states of the rotational
Bose-Einstein condensates, which are characterized as the stationary points of
the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional. Various excited states and their
connections at different rotational frequencies are obtained by construction of
the solution landscapes using the constrained high-index saddle dynamics
method. Four excitation mechanisms are revealed: vortex addition,
rearrangement, merging, and splitting. We demonstrate how the ground state
changes with increasing rotational frequencies, and decipher the stability
evolution of ground states. | | Source: | arXiv, 2301.00425 | | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites | |
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