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Free-electron superfluorescence: collective optical dynamics at deep-subwavelength resolution | | Orr Be'er
; Alexey Gorlach
; Alina Nage
; Reut Shechter
; Yaniv Kurman
; Marc Fouchier
; Ido Kaminer
; Yehonadav Bekenstein
; | | Date: |
4 Jan 2023 | | Abstract: | Long-range coherence and correlations between electrons in solids are the
cornerstones for developing future quantum materials and devices. In 1954,
Dicke described correlated spontaneous emission from closely packed quantum
emitters, forming the theoretical basis of superradiance and superfluorescence.
Since then, it has remained an open challenge to observe such phenomena with
nanometer spatial resolution, precisely the important scale at which the
collective correlations occur. Here, we report the first instance of
free-electron-driven superfluorescence - superfluorescent cathodoluminescence -
enabling us to excite and observe correlations at nanometer spatial scales. To
exemplify this concept in our experiments, superlattices of lead halide
perovskite quantum dots are excited by focused pulses of multiple free
electrons. The electrons trigger superfluorescence: collective ultrafast
emission observed at rates faster than both the lifetime and decoherence time.
By controlling the area illuminated by the electron beam, we create a
transition from a non-correlated spontaneous emission to a correlated
superfluorescent emission. The observed signatures of superfluorescence are a
reduction of the intrinsic emitter lifetime, a narrower linewidth, and a
distinct redshift. We develop the theory of superfluorescent
cathodoluminescence, which matches the results and highlights the unique
features of electron-driven versus light-driven superfluorescence. Our
observation and theory introduce a novel way to characterize coherence and
correlations in quantum materials with nanometer spatial resolution, a key for
future engineering of quantum devices. | | Source: | arXiv, 2301.01608 | | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites | |
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