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Topological Defects in Ferromagnetic, Antiferromagnetic and Cyclic Spinor Condensates -- A Homotopy Theory | | Yunbo Zhang
; Harri Mäkelä
; Kalle-Antti Suominen
; | | Date: |
6 Apr 2004 | | Subject: | Soft Condensed Matter | cond-mat.soft | | Abstract: | We apply the homotopy group theory in classifying the topological defects in atomic spin-1 and spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates. The nature of the defects depends crucially on the spin-spin interaction between the atoms. We find the topologically stable defects both for spin-1 ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic states, and for spin-2 ferromagnetic and cyclic states. With this rigorous approach we clarify the previously controversial identification of symmetry groups and order parameter spaces for the spin-1 anti-ferromagnetic state, and show that the spin-2 cyclic case provides a rare example of a physical system with non-Abelian line defects, like those observed in biaxial nematics. We also show the possibility to produce vortices with fractional winding numbers of 1/2, 1/3 and their multiples in spinor condensates. | | Source: | arXiv, cond-mat/0404138 | | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites | |
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