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Vortex-antivortex tunneling and the limitations of mean-field theory | | Gentaro Watanabe
; C. J. Pethick
; | | Date: |
12 Jan 2007 | | Subject: | Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect | | Abstract: | We study the quantum dynamics of a model for a vortex in a Bose gas with repulsive interactions in an anisotropic, harmonic trap previously studied in mean-field theory by Garc’ia-Ripoll {it et al.}, [Phys. Rev. Lett. {f 87}, 140403 (2001)]. For low excitation energy of the vortex, we show that the circulation of the vortex undergoes periodic reversals by quantum-mechanical tunneling, in addition to the oscillations predicted in mean-field theory for higher excitation energies. With increasing interaction strength or particle number, vortices become increasingly stable, and the period for reversals by tunneling increases. Tunneling between vortex and antivortex states is shown to be described to a good approximation by a Schr"odinger cat state that is a superposition of vortex and antivortex states, rather than the mean-field state, and we derive analytical expression for the oscillation period. | | Source: | arXiv, cond-mat/0701270 | | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites | |
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