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Superconductivity in compressed lithium at 20 K | Katsuya Shimizu
; Hiroto Ishikawa
; Daigoroh Takao
; Takehiko Yagi
; Kiichi Amaya
; | Date: |
10 Oct 2002 | Journal: | Nature, 419 (6907), 597-9 | Abstract: | Superconductivity at high temperatures is expected in elements with low atomic numbers, based in part on conventional BCS (Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer) theory. For example, it has been predicted that when hydrogen is compressed to its dense metallic phase (at pressures exceeding 400 GPa), it will become superconducting with a transition temperature above room temperature. Such pressures are difficult to produce in a laboratory setting, so the predictions are not easily confirmed. Under normal conditions lithium is the lightest metal of all the elements, and may become superconducting at lower pressures; a tentative observation of a superconducting transition in Li has been previously reported. Here we show that Li becomes superconducting at pressures greater than 30 GPa, with a pressure-dependent transition temperature (T(c)) of 20 K at 48 GPa. This is the highest observed T(c) of any element; it confirms the expectation that elements with low atomic numbers will have high transition temperatures, and suggests that metallic hydrogen will have a very high T(c). Our results confirm that the earlier tentative claim of superconductivity in Li was correct. | Source: | PubMed, pmid12374973 doi: 10.1038/nature01098 | Services: | Forum | Review | Favorites |
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