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26 April 2024
 
  » arxiv » 1307.5157

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Lower bounds on geometric Ramsey functions
Marek Elias ; Jiri Matousek ; Edgardo Roldan-Pensado ; Zuzana Safernova ;
Date 19 Jul 2013
AbstractWe continue a sequence of recent works studying Ramsey functions for semialgebraic predicates in R^d. A k-ary semialgebraic predicate Phi(x_1,..., x_k) on R^d is a Boolean combination of polynomial equations and inequalities in the kd coordinates of k points x_1,...,x_k in R^d. A sequence P=(p_1,..., p_n) of points in R^d is called Phi-homogeneous if either Phi(p_{i_1},...,p_{i_k}) holds for all choices 1 <= i_1< ... <i_k <= n, or it holds for no such choice. The Ramsey function R_Phi(n) is the smallest N such that every point sequence of length N contains a Phi-homogeneous subsequence of length n.
Conlon, Fox, Pach, Sudakov, and Suk constructed the first examples of semialgebraic predicates with the Ramsey function bounded from below by a tower function of arbitrary height: for every k, they exhibit a k-ary Phi in dimension 2^{k+1} with R_Phi bounded below by a tower of height k-1. We reduce the dimension in their construction, obtaining a (d+3)-ary semialgebraic predicate Phi on R^d with R_Phi bounded below by a tower of height d+2.
We also provide a natural geometric Ramsey-type theorem with a large Ramsey function. We call a point sequence P in R^d order-type homogeneous if all (d+1)-tuples in P have the same orientation, and we call P super-order-type homogeneous if, for each i=1, 2,..., d, the projection of P on the first i coordinates is order-type homogeneous. Every sufficiently long point sequence in general position in R^d contains a super-order-type homogeneous subsequence of length n; we show that "sufficiently long" has to be at least a tower function of height d in n.
Source arXiv, 1307.5157
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