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26 April 2024

» arxiv » 1310.4569

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Gravitational-wave Limits from Pulsar Timing Constrain Supermassive Black Hole Evolution
R. M. Shannon ; V. Ravi ; W. A. Coles ; G. Hobbs ; M. J. Keith ; R. N. Manchester ; J. S. B. Wyithe ; M. Bailes ; N. D. R. Bhat ; S. Burke-Spolaor ; J. Khoo ; Y. Levin ; S. Osłowski ; J. M. Sarkissian ; W. van Straten ; J. P. W. Verbiest ; J-B. Wang ;
Date:	17 Oct 2013
Abstract:	The formation and growth processes of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are not well constrained. SMBH population models, however, provide specific predictions for the properties of the gravitational-wave background (GWB) from binary SMBHs in merging galaxies throughout the Universe. Using observations from the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array, we constrain the fractional GWB energy density with 95% confidence to be ${Omega}_{GW}(H_0/73 { m km} { m s}^{-1} { m Mpc}^{-1})^2 < 1.3 imes 10^{-9}$ at a frequency of 2.8 nHz, which is approximately a factor of six more stringent than previous limits. We compare our limit to models of the SMBH population and find inconsistencies at confidence levels between 46% and 91%. For example, the standard galaxy formation model implemented in the Millennium simulations is inconsistent with our limit with 50% probability.
Source:	arXiv, 1310.4569
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