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On localized vegetation patterns, fairy circles and localized patches in arid landscapes | | D. Escaff
; C. Fernandez-Oto
; M.G. Clerc
; M. Tlidi
; | | Date: |
Fri, 16 Jan 2015 11:57:09 GMT (1814kb,D) | | Abstract: | We investigate the formation of localized structures with a varying width in
one and two-dimensional systems. The mechanism of stabilization is attributed
to strong nonlocal coupling mediated by a Lorentzian type of Kernel. We show
that, in addition to stable dips found recently [see, e.g., C. Fernandez-Oto,
M. G. Clerc, D. Escaff, and M. Tlidi, Phys. Rev. Lett. {f{110}}, 174101
(2013)], exist stable localized peaks which appear as a result of strong
nonlocal coupling, i.e. mediated by a coupling that decays with the distance
slower than an exponential. We applied this mechanism to arid ecosystems by
considering a prototype model of a Nagumo type. In one-dimension, we study the
front that connects the stable uniformly vegetated state with the bare one
under the effect of strong nonlocal coupling. We show that strong nonlocal
coupling stabilizes both---dip and peak---localized structures. We show
analytically and numerically that the width of localized dip, which we
interpret as fairy circle, increases strongly with the aridity parameter. This
prediction is in agreement with filed observations. In addition, we predict
that the width of localized patch decreases with the degree of aridity.
Numerical results are in close agreement with analytical predictions. | | Source: | arXiv, 1501.3958 | | Services: | Forum | Review | PDF | Favorites | |
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